In which form of government are a prime minister and an elected parliament?

• A. Constitutional monarchy
• B. Parliamentary democracy
• C. Presidential democracy
• D. Single-party government

Answer: (B)

In a parliamentary democracy, the government is chosen from the legislature and the prime minister serves as the head of government. The people elect members of parliament, and the party (or coalition) with the most seats typically selects the prime minister, who leads the cabinet. The government remains in power only as long as it retains the confidence of the parliament, and it can be removed through a vote of no confidence. The head of state, if there is one, is usually a separate, largely ceremonial figure.

This differs from a presidential democracy, where the president is elected separately and serves as both head of state and head of government. A constitutional monarchy can still function as a parliamentary democracy, but the defining feature emphasized here is that the prime minister leads the government and is derived from and accountable to an elected parliament. A single-party government refers to party control rather than the specific structure of how the executive is chosen.