Which term is an exception to the application of a zoning ordinance for lots that, because of size, topography, or other physical limitations, do not conform to the ordinance requirements for the zone?

• A. Zoning
• B. Variance
• C. Hardship variance
• D. Use variance

Answer: (B)

When a parcel can’t meet the exact dimensional or physical requirements of a zoning district, the owner can seek an exception from those rules. This relief is called a variance. It allows deviation from the literal zoning standards while keeping the overall zoning plan intact, typically needed because the lot’s size, topography, or other physical characteristics create a practical difficulty in complying with the ordinance. A use variance would change what the property can be used for, which isn’t the issue here, and a hardship variance—while related—refers to the way the variance is justified rather than the general concept of variances. So the general term for this kind of exception is variance.