Which term is defined as a law that governs cross-border private disputes?

• A. Public International Law
• B. Private international law
• C. Bearer share
• D. Common Market

Answer: (B)

Cross-border private disputes are governed by private international law, which handles conflict-of-laws issues for private parties. It answers questions such as which country’s law applies to a contract or tort, which court has jurisdiction to hear the case, and whether a judgment from one country will be recognized and enforced in another. This term, sometimes called conflict of laws, is specifically about private matters across borders, not relations between states.

Public international law, in contrast, deals with relations among states and international organizations, including treaties and diplomatic rules. Bearer share is a corporate term referring to a type of share entitlement, not a framework for resolving cross-border disputes. A Common Market describes a regional economic integration arrangement, not a legal method for governing private cross-border conflicts.